The Education Trap

Data Visualizations

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Figure 1_2 Boston in 1880.png

Map of Boston in 1880

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Overall Boston Population and Workforce

Figure 1_1 Workforce Participation.png

Figure 1.1 Workforce participation of Boston Population, 1880

Figure 2_1 Men Wage Earners.png

Figure 2.1: Male Wage Earners by Sector in Boston, 1880-1940

Figure 2_2 Women Wage Earners.png

Figure 2.2 Women Wage Earners by Sector in Boston, 1880-1940

Figure 2_3 Boston Race Ethnicity.png

Figure 2.3 Boston Population by Race and Ethnicity, 1880-1940

Figure 4.1 Largest Sectors of the Women’s Workforce, Boston, 1880-1940

Figure 4.1 Largest Sectors of the Women’s Workforce, Boston, 1880-1940

Figure 4.2 Largest Sectors of the Men’s Workforce, Boston, 1880-1940

Figure 4.2 Largest Sectors of the Men’s Workforce, Boston, 1880-1940

Union Membership in Boston

Figure 3_1 Three Industries.png

Figure 3.1 Union Membership in Massachusetts, by Industry, 1908-1945

Figure 3_2 Unionized.png

Figure 3.2 Percentage of the Boston Workforce in Unions, 1880-1950

Occupational Representation by Ethnicity, Race, and Gender

Figure 2.4 Overrepresentation by Race and Ethnicity of Women Domestic Workers, Boston, 1880-1940

Figure 2.4 Overrepresentation by Race and Ethnicity of Women Domestic Workers, Boston, 1880-1940

Figure 4.3 Overrepresentation by Ethnicity of Women Clerical Workers, Boston, 1880-1930

Figure 4.3 Overrepresentation by Ethnicity of Women Clerical Workers, Boston, 1880-1930

Figure 4.4 Overrepresentation by Ethnicity of Men Clerical Workers, Boston, 1880-1930

Figure 4.4 Overrepresentation by Ethnicity of Men Clerical Workers, Boston, 1880-1930

Figure 4.5 Women as a Percentage of White-Collar Workers in Boston, 1880-1930

Figure 4.5 Women as a Percentage of White-Collar Workers in Boston, 1880-1930

Figure 5.1 Overrepresentation by Ethnicity of Women Teachers in Boston, 1880-1930

Figure 5.1 Overrepresentation by Ethnicity of Women Teachers in Boston, 1880-1930

Figure 5.4 Overrepresentation by Ethnicity of Male Lawyers in Boston, 1880-1930

Figure 5.4 Overrepresentation by Ethnicity of Male Lawyers in Boston, 1880-1930

Figure 6.1 Overrepresentation by Ethnicity of Male Owners and Managers in Boston, 1880-1930

Figure 6.1 Overrepresentation by Ethnicity of Male Owners and Managers in Boston, 1880-1930

School Enrollment and Attendance

Figure 2.5 School Attendance of 14-16-year-olds by Father’s Occupation, Boston, 1880-1940

Figure 2.5 School Attendance of 14-16-year-olds by Father’s Occupation, Boston, 1880-1940

Figure 2.6 School Attendance of 14-18-Year-Old Children of Laborers and Service Workers by Race and Birthplace, Boston, 1880-1940

Figure 2.6 School Attendance of 14-18-Year-Old Children of Laborers and Service Workers by Race and Birthplace, Boston, 1880-1940

Figure 4.6 Women’s Evening Public High School Enrollment by Course, Boston, 1913-1940

Figure 4.6 Women’s Evening Public High School Enrollment by Course, Boston, 1913-1940

Figure 4.7 Men’s Evening Public High School Enrollment by Course, Boston, 1913-1940

Figure 4.7 Men’s Evening Public High School Enrollment by Course, Boston, 1913-1940

Figure 4_8 Women Day High.png

Figure 4.8 Women’s Day Public High School Attendance by Course, Boston, 1880-1940

Figure 4_9 Men Day High.png

Figure 4.9: Men’s Day Public High School Attendance by Course, Boston, 1880-1940

Figure 4.10 Enrollment in Day Business/Commercial Programs by School Type, Boston, 1880-1930

Figure 4.10 Enrollment in Day Business/Commercial Programs by School Type, Boston, 1880-1930

Figure 5.2 Men and Women’s Enrollment in Boston-Area Colleges by Bachelor-Degree Type, 1880-1930

Figure 5.2 Men and Women’s Enrollment in Boston-Area Colleges by Bachelor-Degree Type, 1880-1930

Figure 5.3 Enrollment in Boston-Area Law Schools, 1880-1930

Figure 5.3 Enrollment in Boston-Area Law Schools, 1880-1930